Following the energy crisis of the 70’s, the Municipality of Ferrara started up the ‘Geothermal Project’, in order to develop the geothermal resource as a primary source for an urban heating system and reduce the environmental impact created by the traditional energy sources (coke, oil and methane gas). Ever since the beginning, the project involved the use of other energy resources, as additional sources, typical of the area (especially the Waste To Energy plant), according to the principles of Integrated Energy System. The extension of the existing district heating network scheme, by increasing the use of renewable energy sources, was eventually decided according to the latest.